12. Nuclear physics.md
2024-4-11|2024-4-12
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Mass Defect and Nuclear Binding Energy
- Understanding and Recall: What is the equivalence between energy and mass as represented by E = mc²? Can you recall and use this equation? Answer:
- Representation: White down a simple nuclear equation. And point out all the element meaning. Answer:
- Definition and Use: Define the terms mass defect and binding energy and explain how they are used in nuclear physics. Answer:
- Sketch: Sketch the variation of binding energy per nucleon with nucleon number. Answer:
- Explanation: What is meant by nuclear fusion and nuclear fission? Answer:
- Explanation: How is the concept of binding energy per nucleon relevant to nuclear reactions, including nuclear fusion and nuclear fission? Answer:
- Calculation: Calculate the energy released in a nuclear reaction where the mass defect is 0.005 kg using E = c²∆m. Answer:
- Understanding: What evidence do fluctuations in count rate provide about the nature of radioactive decay? Answer:
- Understanding: What does it mean to say that radioactive decay is both spontaneous and random? Answer:
- Definition and Recall: Define the terms activity and decay constant, and recall and use the equation A = λN. Answer:
- Definition: What is half-life? Answer:
- Use: Use the equation λ = 0.693 / t₁/₂ to find the decay constant for a substance with a half-life of 5 years (note: convert the time to seconds). Answer:
- Understanding and Use: Explain the exponential nature of radioactive decay, and sketch and use the relationship x = x₀e⁻λt, where x could represent activity, number of undecayed nuclei, or received count rate. Answer:
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